Author: Fission Today

This chapter provides a detailed description of the Monte Carlo simulation methodology used in this paper, as well as the Monte Carlo simulation program MCSheild, and simplified arithmetic examples are provided for two typical nuclear facility scenarios in the dataset.Introduction to the monte carlo method and programMonte Carlo methods operate by calculating the statistical mean of an estimate as the solution to a problem. Monte Carlo methods were first applied in the testing and verification of nuclear weapons and played a crucial role in the U.S. Manhattan Project. In particle transport calculations, Monte Carlo methods can accurately describe 3D complex…

ITER will be the largest Tokamak ever constructed, and it will produce orders of magnitude more neutrons than its predecessor (up to 107 times more), JET1, and other current private initiatives2. According to French nuclear licensing procedures, ITER is classified as Installation Nuclear de Base INB-174 under French regulation. Ensuring that the expected radiation conditions do not pose challenges and risks to equipment and humans, has made nuclear analysis a relevant computational discipline in support of the ITER design and licensing during the last two decades. The radiation safety case of ITER, structured around the computational codes MCNP3 and D1SUNED4,…

Starting from the functional requirements of various loads in CFETR, we establish the basic framework of the substation. The numbers and types of loads in CFETR are numerous and complex. According to the characteristics of loads, they are mainly divided into pulsed power electric network (PPEN) and steady state electric network (SSEN). PPEN has strong volatility, mainly including magnet power supply and auxiliary heating power supply; SSEN mainly refers to the continuous loads. In addition to the normal power consumption, SSEN mainly includes various motors in the vacuum and cryostat systems, the daily consumption loads, and the loads involving nuclear…

Combescot, R. Superconductivity: An Introduction (Cambridge Univ. Press, 2022).Fossheim, K. & Sudbø, A. Superconductivity: physics and applications. Supercond. Phys. Appl. (2005).Bardeen, J., Cooper, L. N. & Schrieffer, J. R. Theory of superconductivity. Phys. Rev. 108, 1175–1204 (1957).Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar  Van Delft, D. & Kes, P. The discovery of superconductivity. Europhys. N. 42, 21–25 (2011).Article  Google Scholar  Goodstein, D. & Goodstein, J. Richard Feynman and the history of superconductivity. Phys. Perspect. 2, 30–47 (2000).Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar  Kunzler, J. E., Buehler, E., Hsu, F. S. L. & Wernick, J. H. Superconductivity in Nb3Sn at high current density in a magnetic…

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Longitudinal dynamics (1D, unmagnetized): excitation of solitary micro-cavity waves (Fig. 4)A sufficiently violent collapse of the cavity in the unmagnetized (x) direction may trigger the formation of solitary structures that, albeit microscopic, could be long-lived and arise in large numbers. This is demonstrated in Fig. 4, where we present results of 1D PIC simulations of such a collapse, starting from a small vacuum cavity. Recall from Fig. 3 that the laser-induced vacuum cavity can easily have a length L on the order of \(100\,\textrm{mm}\) or more. In the present case, however, we use only a very short seed cavity with \(L_{\textrm{seed}} = 0.5\,\textrm{mm}\).…

Deep Fission, which aims to place small modular reactors in boreholes a mile underground, says it has identified three initial potential project sites – in Texas, Utah and Kansas.  California-based nuclear startup company Deep Fission announced its emergence from stealth mode in August 2024. It aims to locate 15 MWe pressurised water reactors about one mile (1.6 km) underground in a 30-inch borehole. The heat is transferred to a steam generator at depth to boil water, and the non-radioactive steam rises rapidly to the surface where a standard steam turbine converts the energy to electricity. It says its reactors are…

Sample materialsMaterials used for the preparation of metallic samples in this work were purchased from Goodfellow (UK) or the Joint Research Centre (JRC, Geel, Belgium), Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements (IRMM). Wherever possible, samples in disk/foil form were made, which was the case for Mg, Ce, Zr, Ni, Al. For samples of Se, Ge, Te it was not possible to create samples in disk form on account of the brittleness of the materials, and material fragments were used instead. In the case of Na, the sample material used was NaF powder, purchased from Sigma Aldrich, which was encapsulated in…

15-MW nuclear plant scheduled to go critical by 4 July 2026 Photo courtesy Deep Fission. Deep Fission, the nuclear energy company placing small modular pressurised water reactors in boreholes one mile underground, has selected the Great Plains Industrial Park in Kansas as the site of its advanced reactor pilot project. What we offer Independent news and information for and about the global nuclear industry For nuclear incidents, NucNet operates 24 hours a day, 7 days a week Daily, weekly and monthly newsletters Access to infographics for subscribers to use in their own editorial and marketing material Exclusive analysis and…

In this experiment, rows of components were cut using various cutting parameters, followed by photographing and observing the resulting damage. The observed damage primarily includes cutting marks and the condition of the cross-section on both the fuel rod components and the stainless steel wire wraps. Table 3 details the specific parameters used for each experiment, such as cutting speed, focal position, power, type of assist gas, and gas pressure.Table 3 Experiment numbers and parameters for this experiment.Fig. 5Cutting results under different gaseous medium (a) air (b) nitrogen.Figure 5 shows the cross-sectional views of laser cuts using two different assist gases: (a) air…